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Theory and Modern Applications

Table 4 Proposed method with Canny using a \(\pmb{7\times7}\) mask size

From: A new construction of a fractional derivative mask for image edge analysis based on Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative

Method

Linear image

Non-linear image

Medical image

MSE

PSNR

MSE

PSNR

MSE

PSNR

CANNY

0.1296

8.8727

0.1025

9.8911

0.1462

8.3508

PRO α = 0.1

0.0308

15.1136

0.0509

12.9351

0.0761

11.1853

PRO α = 0.2

0.0324

14.8995

0.0512

12.9059

0.0826

10.8284

PRO α = 0.3

0.0349

14.5731

0.0525

12.8024

0.0857

10.6699

PRO α = 0.4

0.0386

14.1369

0.0540

12.6788

0.0878

10.5664

PRO α = 0.5

0.0412

13.8542

0.0559

12.5255

0.0906

10.4278

PRO α = 0.6

0.0441

13.5601

0.0581

12.3555

0.0929

10.3218

PRO α = 0.7

0.0459

13.3825

0.0604

12.1876

0.0966

10.1494

PRO α = 0.8

0.0529

12.7643

0.0635

11.9705

0.0999

10.0030

PRO α = 0.9

0.0571

12.4334

0.0647

11.8881

0.1039

9.8346